A transformer consists of two coils (one coil is the primary coil the other is the secondary coil) wrapped around a metal core. This will cause the direction of current to flow in the opposite direction.Since the direction of current changes with each rotation of the loop the current in called Alternating Current (AC) --. That magnets can create electricity was discovered accidentally by Hans Christian Oersted in 1819 while giving a lecture. Use a coil that is larger than the magnet, so the magnet can fit inside. A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy (see types of energy). He formulated the elecromotive force (EMF) produced around a closed path is proportional to the rate of the change in magnetic flux by any surface bounded by that path -- (simplify this). Attach the ends of one of the two wires to the two contacts of an ammeter. Moving a coil across a magnetic field will produce a current (see image below) .This is called electromagnetic induction. Generators in power plants are responsible for producing 99% (check this) of energy used in the united states.A simple generator is composed of a loop of wire located between the poles of a magnet. Electromagentic current is key to how a transformers, generator elecgtric motors and solenoids works. Paul Dohrman's academic background is in physics and economics. If the number of loops in the secondary coil are greater than the primary coil the voltage will be greater in the secondary coil. Alchemical.org: Induction's Accidental Discovery During Lecture, Fundamentals of Physics; David Halliday and Robert Resnick; 1991. Further rotation moves the loop to a position where the lines of force are cut in the opposite direction. Waving a magnet past a circuit, he made an ammeter twitch. Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of induction in 1831. A transformer is a device that increases or decreases voltage of alternating current. As you do this repeatedly, the ammeter needle should bounce back and forth, again registering current in a positive and negative direction. The current produced in called the induced current. By 1831, Englishman Michael Faraday and American Joseph Henry independently had formalized the theory for this “induction” of a current. The loop is attached to a rod or axle that can rotate. This applies whether the field itself changes in trength or the conductors is moved through it. The current in one coil induces a current in another coil. This is an example of a step up transformer. Note that the motion of the magnet with respect to the coil is the rudiment of an alternating current generator, which converts mechanical energy (magnet motion) into electrical energy (electric current). Magnets mounted on the generator shaft produce rotating magnetic fields. He has professional experience as an educator, mortgage consultant, and casualty actuary. How to Make Electricity from Magnetism- Electromagnetic Induction. Coils of wire arranged around the shaft are exposed to changing magnetic fields that induce electric currents in the wires. By using magnetism to create electricity, generators convert rotational power to electric current. An important application from electromagnetic induction is the generator. As you do this repeatedly, the ammeter needle should bounce back and forth, again registering current in a positive and negative direction. Specifically, because the wires cut the magnetic field lines while the magnet is moving, a quantifiable electromagnetic force arises in the wire--pushing electrons and thus making a current. As the loop of wire continues to rotate there will be a point where the wire is parrallel to the lines of force of the magnetic field. Make the circuit a little more complex--a little more like an AC generator--by attaching the two wires to the two ammeter contacts, and attaching the available ends of the wires to the opposite ends of a metal coil. Insert the (rodlike) magnet into the coil and take it back out again.
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