What are recombinant proteins? 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Genetic engineering is used to alter genetic composition of an organism. Following diagram represent the recombinant DNA technology. Also Read: Applications Of Biotechnology in Medicine, Learn more in detail about Biotechnology, its principles, process, and other related topics at BYJU’S Biology, Your email address will not be published. At present, vectors are engineered such that it facilitates easy linkage of foreign DNA along with selection of recombinants from non – recombinants. Here we will discuss the principles of biotechnology. Copyright © 2010-2019 www.emedicalprep.com. If we are able to connect an alien DNA piece with plasmid DNA or a bacteriophage, we are able to multiply its number equal to the copy number of plasmids and bacteriophage respectively. In Bioprocess engineering, production of various products such as enzymes, antibodies, organic acids, vaccines, etc. How many eggs does a woman have in her lifetime? Recombinant DNA technology is the main pillar of genetic engineering. “Bioreactors are large vessels in which raw materials are biologically converted into specific products by microbes, plants and animals.” The reactors work by providing optimum condition to the process of culture by maintaining optimum temperature, oxygen, salt, pH and other required conditions. Restriction enzymes are known as molecular scissors, that cut the desired sequence of DNA. Following is the diagrammatic representation of basic steps in recombinant DNA technology, using the bacterial plasmid as cloning vector. It includes changing of phenotype in host organism. The recombinant DNA technology involves following main steps: Recombinant DNA Technology requires various tools like vector, host and enzymes such as restriction enzymes, ligases, polymerases, etc. According to the European Federation of Technology, the term Biotechnology is defined as: “The integration of natural science and organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services.”, Modern biotechnology is the result of the following two core techniques -. This protein is known as the recombinant protein. 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