Natural enemies that have been successfully used include the parasitoids Leptomastix dactylopii, of South American origin, and Anagyrus pseudococci; and the predators Cryptolaemus montrouzieri and Exochomus flavipes (Panis and Brun, 1971; Panis, 1977; Narasimham, 1987; Pillai, 1987; Smith et al., 1988; Viggiani, 1988; Nagarkatti et al., 1992; Reddy et al., 1992, Barbagallo et al., 1993; Reddy and Bhat, 1993a; Mani, 1994).P. On cocoa, flower stalks, buds and young pods are attacked (Entwistle, 1972).In Taiwan, infested immature coffee berries become deformed and drop to the ground (Moriyama, 1941).P. James, H.C. 1937. However, MB, which is an ozone-depleting substance, is scheduled to be phased out in South Korea over the next decade. endobj LePelley, R.H. 1968. Department. Damage is generally increased Wraight, ... M. Faria, in Microbial Control of Insect and Mite Pests, 2017. them. In the area of agricultural products, cold plasma has been used as pesticide by itself, but also to degrade pesticides. Planococcus citri compie 3-6 generazioni all’anno. Perry) and related species, Postharvest Biology and Technology of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits: Mangosteen to White Sapote, Pesticides' Influence on Wine Fermentation, Microbial Control of Mite and Insect Pests of Greenhouse Crops, Microbial Control of Insect and Mite Pests, Microbial Control of Insect and Mite Pests of Citrus. This mealybug is capable of See also Waterhouse (1998). endobj Male mealybugs live for 2-4 0000003156 00000 n Può risultare importante controllare le formiche che hanno un ruolo importante nella diffusione di P.citri nell’agrumeto e nel disturbare l’attività dei nemici naturali del fitofago. (2007). 0000016671 00000 n Citrus mealybug populations are generally composed of equal 1984. possible. Citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso), is a known quarantine pest that is difficult to control with phosphine (PH 3) or low concentrations of ethyl formate (EF), particularly at low temperatures. Don't already have an Oxford Academic account? Br. active movement throughout its life. This cocoon is continuously spun increasing in density 0000001739 00000 n Biological Control in Subtropical and Tropical Crops, Advances in Cold Plasma Applications for Food Safety and Preservation, Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security. This “honeydew” can foul the grapevine with a layer of sticky sap as it dries. numbers of males and females. Though generally considered minor pests of greenhouse crops, established infestations of these pests can be difficult to control. Females live for an average of trailer It has since been found in New Zealand, Chile, Italy, southern Russia, South Africa, Sardinia, and the Canary Islands. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com. Furthermore, cold plasma can be used to control pests in stored food like cereal crops. /Length 256 77 0 obj You could not be signed in. Eggs treated with 100 Gy hatched, but all P. citri died as 1st instars. Bull. not a great honeydew producer, several ant species will tend to P. citri feeding leads to general wilting due to sap depletion. This mealybug is a vector The two insects, morphologically similar, are the vine mealybug (P. ficus), and the citrus mealybug (P. citri). Unlike the cabbage looper, the caterpillar (1.8 inches long) hides in the soil during the day and at night climbs the plant, chewing the leaves and stem, sometimes cutting the plant off at the soil line. /N 7 Mealybug. Females lay from 200 to 400 eggs, averaging 300 eggs in a /Size 78 In Taiwan, infested immature coffee berries become deformed and drop to the ground (Moriyama, 1941). First Evidence of Western Bean Cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Overwintering in the Province of Québec (Canada), Profile of Fork-Tailed Bush Katydid (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) Feeding on Fruit of Clementine Mandarins, The Larvicidal and Adulticidal Effects of Selected Plant Essential Oil Constituents on Greater Wax Moths, Molecular and Morphological Identification of, Life-History Traits and Flight Capacity of, About the Entomological Society of America, COMMODITY TREATMENT AND QUARANTINE ENTOMOLOGY, Receive exclusive offers and updates from Oxford Academic, Copyright © 2020 Entomological Society of America. C.E. Since Oriental fruit flies are important quarantine insects for international trade, it is thus very important to eradicate this particular insect for export purposes. There were 3 repiications lor each dose" ln case of control treatment, only.
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