[14], The terms of the initial contract were revised and formalized on 21 May 1947 with the price increased to $5,571,111. The US Army Air Forces (USAAF) first issued a specification for a new all-weather interceptor in late August of 1945. "Scorpion with a Nuclear Sting: Northrop F-89". It removed the cannon in favor of a new Hughes E-6 fire control system with AN/APG-40 radar and an AN/APA-84 computer. 52-2129, on display at the Air Power Park and Museum in Hampton, Virginia. The F-89 Scorpion was this country’s air defense interceptor during a large part of the 1950s. But development of the fire control system lagged and the Hotel was phased out of service quickly. Fixes for the problem involved the addition of a "jet wake fairing" at the bottom rear of the fuselage between the engines, external ("ice tong") mass balances for the elevator, pending the design of internal mass balances,[18] and the addition of exhaust deflectors to the fuselage to reduce the turbulence and the consequent flutter. Shortly afterward, the aircraft crashed on 22 February, killing the observer, when flutter developed in the elevator and the subsequent vibrations caused the entire tail to break off. The pilots were not impressed with any of the aircraft and recommended procurement of an interim aircraft that resulted in the development of the Lockheed F-94 Starfire from the training version of the Lockheed F-80 Shooting Star. The Scorpion stemmed from a United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) Air Technical Service Command specification ("Military Characteristics for All-Weather Fighting Aircraft") for a night fighter to replace the P-61 Black Widow. In March 1946, the USAAF selected the Curtis-Wright XP-87, adapted from their proposed XA-43 attack aircraft, and Northrop's N-24 design, one of four submitted by the company. Armament was two pods of 52 2.75 in (70 mm) "Mighty Mouse" FFAR rockets, for a total of 104. [16] The full Committee on Evaluation overruled those evaluators who preferred the Douglas design and selected the XF-89 as it had the greatest potential for development. The slim rear fuselage and the high-mounted horizontal stabilizer led Northrop employees calling it the Scorpion—a name later formally adopted by the Air Force.
A total of 36 USAF and 17 ANG squadrons flew the Scorpion. The N-24 was powered by a pair of Allison J35 axial-flow turbojets mounted under its swept wings in a straight-through arrangement- intakes and exhausts both direct into and out of the engines. Developed as a replacement for the company’s P-61 Black Widow, the Scorpion was the one of the first American jets to be armed with guided missiles, and the first combat aircraft to be armed with an air-to-air nuclear weapon- the unguided but still deadly Douglas AIR-2 Genie rocket. The Air Force subsequently cancelled the production contract for the F-87 to free up money for the Scorpion. [7], A contract for two aircraft, now designated the XP-89, and a full-scale mock-up was approved on 13 June, although construction of the mock-up had begun immediately after the USAAF announced that the N-24 had been selected. The Northrop F-89 Scorpion was an early American jet-powered fighter designed from the outset as an all-weather interceptor, the first jet-powered aircraft designed as such. Please log in again. In fact, after talking it over with the pilots who had flown the three designs in development at the time (including the Douglas XF3D Skyknight) the decision to build the Lockheed F-94 Starfire as an interim measure was made. It was redesignated YF-89A to better reflect its role as a pre-production testbed to evaluate equipment and changes planned for the F-89A production aircraft. It was phased out of active service in the late 1950s, being replaced by supersonic McDonnell F-101B Voodoos and Convair F-102A Delta Daggers. Two squadrons of the Wisconsin Air National Guard, the 126th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron at General Mitchell Field, Milwaukee and the 176th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron at Truax Field, Madison were the first ANG units to be equipped with a mixture of F-89B/Cs in September 1954. The delivery date of the first aircraft was scheduled 14 months (July 1948) from signing and the second 2 months after that. The Northrop F-89 Scorpion was a subsonic second-generation jet interceptor of the United … F-89J, AF Serial No. [23] These had considerable problems with engines and other systems, and soon gave way to the F-89C. It was returned to state control in November 1952. 682 Deltas were built, achieving a kill ratio of 1-0 thanks to the successful engagement (but not destruction by arms) of a runaway Grumman F6F-5K Hellcat drone.
1F-89D-1 Flight Handbook USAF Series F-89D Scorpion Aircraft (Part 1), https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Northrop_F-89_Scorpion?oldid=4789577. Up to four Falcon missiles could be carried in addition to the Genies. Formation of three F-89Ds of the 59th Fighter Squadron, Goose Bay, Labrador. Problems with the fire control system delayed the -H's entry into service, by which time its performance was notably inferior to newer supersonic interceptors, so it was phased out of USAF service by 1959. Most Scorpions ended their service lives after being replaced by McDonnell F-101B Voodoos or Convair F-102s. The Scorpion stemmed from a United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) Air Technical Service Command specification ("Military Characteristics for All-Weather Fighting Aircraft") for a night fighter to replace the P-61 Black Widow. Engineering and wind tunnel tests revealed that the geometry of the rear fuselage and the engine exhaust created flutter-inducing turbulence that was aggravated by the high-frequency acoustic energy from the exhaust.
The aircraft was essentially complete by February 1950. Each mount's guns were to be automatically controlled by radar. [8] The position of the horizontal stabilizer proved to unsatisfactory as it was affected by the engine exhaust and it would be "blanked-out" by airflow from the wing at high angles of attack. Bill lives north of Houston TX with his wife and son under the approach path to KDWH runway 17R, which means they get to look up at a lot of airplanes. [11] Pending the availability of either of the two turrets under development, an interim six-gun fixed installation, with 200 rounds per gun, was designed for the underside of the nose. A total of 36 USAF and 17 ANG squadrons flew the Scorpion. During Operation Plumbbob in 1957 at the Nevada Test Site, an F-89J fired the only live AIR-2A Genie rocket with a W-25 warhead for the John Shot. The new nose added 3 feet (0.91 m) to the length of the aircraft. The Northrop F-89 Scorpion was a subsonic second-generation jet interceptor of the United States Air Force. Underwing pylons were capable of carrying up to 16 5 inch rockets or 3,200 pounds of ordnance. The F-89 proved to be the fastest of the three contenders[16] although it was in last place in cockpit arrangement and ease of maintenance. The horizontal stabilizer was mounted just above the junction of the vertical stabilizer with the fuselage and had some dihedral. Painted black with that high-mounted tail, the nickname Scorpion for the jet was probably inevitable. Sort of.
Data from Scorpion with a Nuclear Sting[52], "P89" redirects here. The swept wings proved to be less satisfactory at low speeds and a thin, straight wing was selected instead. Drone controller Scorpions were designated DF-89 and came mostly in DF-89A, DF-89B, and DF-89D flavors.
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