Ekrachan Chaichana, Weeraphat Wiwatthanodom, Bunjerd Jongsomjit, "Carbon-Based Catalyst from Pyrolysis of Waste Tire for Catalytic Ethanol Dehydration to Ethylene and Diethyl Ether", International Journal of Chemical Engineering, vol. • If alcohol is not used in excess or the temperature is higher, the alcohol will preferably undergo dehydration to yield alkene. It was found that this catalyst exhibited a high catalytic performance, which required shorter times, low temperature, and significantly a low amount of methanol compared to other studies for the biodiesel production. However, the small new pores dragged the average pore values of the activated carbons down as seen from the result. Fast and Quantitative Dehydration of Lower Alcohols to Corresponding Olefins on Mesoporous Silica Catalyst. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis. This indicates that the other acidic functional groups such as carboxyl group could involve in the reaction mechanism of the ethanol dehydration besides sulfonic acid on the catalyst surface. High-speed separation of carboxylic acids by co-electroosmotic capillary electrophoresis with direct and indirect UV detection. The acetaldehyde selectivities were insignificant for both series of catalysts. Burning waste tires also release various harmful gases such as CO2 and CO, and volatile organic compounds such as benzene, styrene, butadiene, and phenol-like substances [3]. With regard to the product selectivity of the catalyst, it was found that all HNO3-treated catalysts had higher ethylene selectivities than those obtained from HCl-treated catalysts. The ethanol conversions of all catalysts at various temperatures are shown in Figure 5. The functional groups of the catalysts were determined by a Nicolet 6700 FTIR spectrometer. The catalysts were divided into two series according to the acid types in the treatment process. The different natures of catalysts, which were previously treated with different acids, may be the reasons for the different selectivities. Kinetics, Characterization and Mechanism for the Selective Dehydration of Ethanol to Diethyl Ether over Solid Acid Catalysts T. Kito- Borsa and S.W. Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming Glucose in Supercritical Water. Article Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. However, only a few research works studied in the catalytic ethanol dehydration with using the carbon-based catalyst. Christian J. Richard, Bhavish Patel, David Chadwick, Klaus Hellgardt. Get article recommendations from ACS based on references in your Mendeley library. The higher catalytic activity of AC_H420 than AC_N420 was due to that HNO3 having a higher oxidizing strength that destroyed the pore walls to a large extent, fixing a large amount of oxygen surface groups [30]. Change in adsorption characteristic could influence the performance of catalysts, especially when catalysts have to be immobilized prior to use. Decrease of pore size in the catalysts activated at higher temperature obstructs the adsorption of iodine molecules onto the catalyst surface. We are committed to sharing findings related to COVID-19 as quickly as possible. The reason may be a gradual decomposition of carboxyl groups present on the carbon surface prior to sulfonation, which already becomes unstable at 180°C [25]. When comparing between two series of the catalysts, it was found that with the high activation temperatures (520°C and 620°C) the HNO3-treated catalysts gave the higher catalytic activity than the HCl-treated catalysts. W. J. Bowers, V. E. Bean, W. S. Hurst. Adam J. Byrd, K. K. Pant and Ram B. Gupta. Frédéric Vogel, Joanna L. DiNaro Blanchard, Philip A. Marrone, Steven F. Rice, Paul A. Webley, William A. Peters, Kenneth A. Smith, Jefferson W. Tester. Hence, in this study, waste tires were used to prepare carbon-based catalysts via pyrolysis with various conditions including activation temperatures and types of treatment acid (HCl and H2SO4). Today’s post is a perfect example. The facts. n Your Mendeley pairing has expired. A time-honored standard in the fuel industry mandates that fuels have sufficient vapor pressure to coldstart an automobile at temperatures as low as –30 °C. This was because at the same activation temperatures (520°C and 620°C), the HNO3-treated activated carbons have a slightly larger pore diameter than the HCl-treated activated carbons (Table 1). This article is cited by Mechanism and Temperature-Dependent Kinetics of the Dehydration of tert-Butyl Alcohol in Hot Compressed Liquid Water. Xiaogong Wang, Liz U. Gron, Michael T. Klein, Thomas B. Brill. In the present work, mechanistic pathways and kinetics of catalytic dehydration of ethanol were investigated in a closed batch reactor for the formation of diethyl ether, and ethylene over the synthesized NiO loaded HZSM-5 in the range of 160–240 °C. Nevertheless, at 420°C both types of activated carbons (AC_H420 and AC_N420) have the relatively larger pore diameter, thus an effect of pore diameter becoming lower. Masaru Watanabe, Toru Iida, Yuichi Aizawa, Haruo Ura, Hiroshi Inomata, Kunio Arai. The peaks attributed to alcohols (R−OH) around 3400–3600 cm−1 and carboxylic (C=O) around 1711 cm−1 were also observed in all catalysts. Zhong Yi Ding,, Michael A. Frisch,, Lixiong Li, and. used acid carbon catalyst derived from olive stone activated with phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4) for catalytic decomposition of ethanol, which yields mainly dehydration products, mostly ethylene with lower amounts of diethyl ether. DIethyl ether formed by the acid catalysed dehydration reaction of ethanol and sulfuric acid by the loss of water molecule.Sulfuric acid used as catalyst, as well as a dehydrating agent 2 C 2 H 5 O H + H 2 S O 4 → C 2 H 5 − O − C 2 H 5 + H 2 O Nevertheless, this process still increased the catalytic activity anyway. Russell L. Holliday,, Jerry W. King, and. [20] also found a remarkable decrease in the iodine adsorption number which is attributed to the collapse of pores by the excessive activation and an increase in the ash content in the activated carbon. Christiana Bockisch, Edward D. Lorance, Hilairy E. Hartnett, Everett L. Shock. METHANOL REFORMING IN SUPERCRITICAL WATER FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION. The higher degree of oxidization at the catalyst surface could convert surface hydroxyl groups into other oxygen contained groups, thus consequently affecting the addition of the sulfonic groups through hydroxyl groups during sulfonation. You are currently offline. Ethanol conversion of the catalysts for ethanol dehydration at various temperatures. Hot Water-Promoted S The ethanol dehydration process was conducted in a fixed-bed continuous flow reactor with 0.7 cm inside diameter. If you are at an office or shared network, you can ask the network administrator to run a scan across the network looking for misconfigured or infected devices. Spectroscopy of Hydrothermal Reactions III: The Water—Gas Reaction, “Hot Spots”, and Formation of Volatile Salts of NCO In this case two alcohol molecules combine to give an ether and water. This suggests that the higher activation temperature causes more crystallinity to the samples.
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