Whilst Myzus persicae is a polyphagous generalist. The resistance to root rot (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Adults and By the time the aphid has been killed by the pesticide, it has fed and infected the plant. Apple iOS Edition. Since PVX is not aphid-transmitted, systematic elimination of this virus from seed lots has been easier. The green peach aphid infests a wide range of plants. Two-spotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae, cause speckling of leaf undersides as they remove plant sap. Natural enemies commonly used in greenhouse tomato crops include the parasitoids Aphidius ervi Haliday, Aphidius colemani Viereck, Aphelinus abdominalis (Dalman), and the syrphid A. aphidimyza (Perdikis et al., 2008). 1992, Blackman and Eastop 2000). Peach, nectarine, plum and almond are the main hosts, but there are many vegetables, too: bean, cabbage, capsicum, lettuce, papaya, pea, potato, sweet potato, and ornamentals as well as weeds [(e.g., dock (Rumex), sowthistle (Sonchus), lambsquarters (Chenopodium) and pigweed (Portulaca)]. Different letters showed significant difference among cabbage cultivars. As is the case with Colorado potato beetles, this is likely to be an underestimation of the number of resistant populations. The subspecies Myzus persicae nicotianae is a Ecol. This aphid moves into melon fields in large numbers from surrounding vegetation, carrying viruses as it moves and feeds from one plant to another. Consequently, a randomly distributed spatial pattern of virus-infected plants is frequently observed. Using a solid-phase microextraction-based headspace collection method, we investigated and compared the emissions of VOCs from seven Chinese cabbage cultivars (Qibao, Qingan 80, Lvlong, Yuanbao, Qingan 70, Jinlv, and Lvqiu 66) in response to M. … 10.1023/B:JOEC.0000037742.05022.9f Some of the particularly damaging diseases transmitted by it include potato leafroll virus and potato virus Y to Solanaceae, beet western yellows and beet yellows viruses to Chenopodiaceae, lettuce mosaic virus to Asteraceae, cauliflower mosaic and turnip mosaic viruses to Brassicaceae, and cucumber mosaic and watermelon mosaic viruses to Cucurbitaceae. Many predators, fungus diseases, high temperatures, hard rains and damp weather reduce aphid populations. In theory, polyphagy also somewhat decreases selection pressure on aphid populations by creating refuges on alternative hosts growing outside of the treated crop area. Suction and yellow traps are the most efficient way to detect first migration of winged aphids into the crop. (Highly susceptible, susceptible, resistant, moderate resistant, and highly resistant). Green peach aphids extract sap from plants and excrete a sweet sticky substance known as honeydew. Green Peach Aphid. Use virus-tested certified seed for e.g., potatoes and beans, and other legumes. Where the aphids require time to acquire and spread viruses (persistent viruses), the use of insecticides can be useful. This project designed to note the direct and indirect effect of Myzus persicae infestation on the population setup of whitefly in tomato crops. Some states utilize aphid pan traps to alert growers that aphid migrations have started. Photo 4. ), Andrei Alyokhin, ... Leena Lindström, in Insect Pests of Potato, 2013. 2010). 2010). Insecticides are the second choice for controlling aphids. Such populations are known as anholocyclic. See this image and copyright information in PMC. One useful control measure is to take advantage of the negative taxis the green peach aphid has; hanging silver grey film or using silver grey film nets to cover field crops can inhibit their landing and settlement. endobj Alates have a shiny black dorsal abdominal patch, and immature alates are generally red or pink (Blackman and Eastop 2007) (Fig. endobj Dutch varieties ‘Roga’ and ‘Ravires’ were least susceptible and were recommended for breeding.17, In cases of infection with beet mosaic virus, conspicuous mottling with chlorotic, zonate ring spots are common. Android Edition Yellows is caused by a virus which is transmitted principally by the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulz. Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Plant-derived products, such as neem, derris, pyrethrum and chilli (with the addition of soap). This fact sheet is a part of the app Pacific Pests and Pathogens. 2y�.-;!���K�Z� ���^�i�"L��0���-�� @8(��r�;q��7�L��y��&�Q��q�4�j���|�9�� University of Georgia. Common names. Among the compounds detected, 2 monoterpene and 12 terpenes were predominant in all cabbage cultivars. In field production or ground beds, nematodes, especially Meloidogyne species, can cause root injury and enhance the transmission of wilt pathogens. During these migratory flights, aphids may spread virus diseases from infected volunteer plants and weeds to healthy crops. There are many parasitoids attacking the green peach aphid with, perhaps, species of Aphidius and Aphelinus, the most important. PINK, EAVAN M. KEANE, in Genetic Improvement of Vegetable Crops, 1993. In another case, PVYN was introduced into North American seed stocks. A known vector of CRSV and CMV, the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, can be the most serious insect pest on carnations. If ants are present, find the nest, and if not too close to the crop plants with aphids, destroy the nest with boiling water. HHS Furthermore, the wingless M. persicae showed preference to Qingan 80 while it had the highest nitrogen content among the tested cultivars. Therefore, it is likely that the green peach aphid had naturally evolved physiological mechanisms to deal with a variety of poisons. 49 3736–3741. Overproduction of metabolic enzymes confers a strong resistance to organophosphates (Fenton et al. <> However, the green peach aphid is a very competent vector of the potato leafroll virus and potato virus Y, both of which represent an ominous threat to commercial potato production (see Chapter 3). 2010). Perhaps more importantly, their small body size and somewhat cryptic habits promote the spread of green peach aphids by humans moving around their host plants (Fenton et al. 2018 Apr 2;111(2):909-916. doi: 10.1093/jee/tox354. Its mechanisms include mutations of target proteins – which decreases their affinity for binding insecticide molecules – as well as the enhanced production of metabolic enzymes, which detoxify and/or sequester insecticides (Fenton et al. The majority of the offspring produced by the spring migrants are wingless, but a few winged individuals are produced throughout the summer. Most importantly, out of the 27 detected compounds, α-caryophyllene was detected only in Qingan 80 and Qibao, but not in the other five cultivars. Many generations may occur per year. -. Ahmed N, Chamila Darshanee HL, Fu WY, Hu XS, Fan Y, Liu TX. In glasshouses, it can transmit both viruses to various plant species ( melon , marrow , tomato , egg plant , red pepper ) and to wild plants which will act as reservoirs. 2010). A second application of soap or oils may be necessary after 3-4 weeks. The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulz., is the most important vector. Resistance sources were identified in ‘Dixie Market’ and ‘Fall Green’,25 and in ‘Roga’, ‘Lavires’, and ‘Mona Lisa’.17 Cucumber mosaic virus 1 (CMV-1) resistance is monogenic and dominant. In addition to attacking plants in the field, green peach aphid readily infests vegetables and ornamental plants grown in greenhouses. The most common are ladybird beetles (adults and larvae), syrphid fly larvae, green lacewing larvae, and tiny parasitic wasps that lay their eggs in the aphids. Adult, winged, green peach aphid, Myzus persicae. Wilt or spinach decline is incited by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f. sp. After hatching in the spring and reproducing parthenogenetically on the primary host for at least two generations, the aphids start producing winged spring migrants that leave the primary host in search of suitable secondary hosts, which include several hundred species of herbaceous plants in addition to potatoes. Green peach aphids are capable of both sexual and asexual reproduction, although some populations have lost their ability for the former. Dissemination of the virus in the field occurs mainly by transient winged aphids landing and probing on lettuce plants and leaving the field (noncolonizer species). These spots may become necrotic with age. Row covers over seedlings can also be tried, depending on the value of the crop. The sources hybrid lines, EH 7, EH 10, Hybrid 50, EH 424, EH 425, ‘Ozarka’, ‘Green Valley’ and WRG 70-5 are also sources of resistance to wilt. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. Pure dioecious mother plants crossed with pure monoecious plants gave monoecious heterozygotes which were used to pollinate the original dioecious line. It is resistant to bolting and suitable for all seasons with good yield. 2014. endstream endobj startxref I. Mastenbroek, in Advances in Botanical Research, 1996. J. Appl. Our results showed that the VOCs emitted from the cultivars Qingan 80 and Yuanbao differed significantly from the other cultivars in response to the attraction of wingless M. persicae. )U!���$5�X�3/9�� �(�$5�j�%V*�'��&*���r" (,!��!�0b;�C��Ң2(��ɘ� � I�8/ The resistance source was located in variety ‘Fall Green’, Hybrid 178 and WRG 70.25. 2019). 2018 May 28;9:708. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00708. In areas with warm climates, some green peach aphid populations do not produce sexual forms and persist year-round as parthenogenic forms on secondary hosts.
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